In the Footsteps of Apostle Paul: A Pilgrimage Tour Across Turkey

The Hagia Sophia is most enchanting in the dawn light, orange hues reflecting off gigantic domes as fresh salty air floats across the centerpiece of ancient Byzantine. Across the old Hippodrome, the Blue Mosque is equally radiant, the two architectural masterpieces harmoniously facing each other. For over 1000 years, the Hagia Sophia was the largest church on the planet, an ode to ingenuity that towered above the capital. A narrow entrance leads to the vast columned interior, each fresco illuminated with natural light from the glass mosaics. Islamic calligraphy reveals the church's transformation to mosque yet the two paradigms remain at peace. Wander across lavish marble floors and there's a growing feeling of personal insignificance, the building's sheer size and history resonantly inspiring.

Dotted around Istanbul are further examples of beautiful Christian architecture. Evocative Byzantine mosaics fill St. Chora Church, each vibrantly standing out behind bare outer walls. Golden patterns swirl and intricate details compel in a church that is usually poignantly silent. Now the Little Hagia Sophia Church, it was built in the 6th century like its famous sister but lacks the fame or size. This tiny place of worship goes unnoticed in Istanbul yet its humble interior and marked stone imbue a deep sense of ancient spirituality.

The Church of St. Peter stands humble and dignified, almost 2000 years of history gilded into the cracked stone. It stands amongst rubble and modern buildings, a beacon of Christianity on the hillside and a lasting memoir to one of the earliest ever Christian settlements. A direct flight takes you to Hatay Airport, before a 30 minute road transfer to Antioch. On his first missionary journey, Paul visited this ancient Roman city and converted a large proportion of Jewish inhabitants. While the church is small, the history is eminently powerful. Antioch's converts were the first ever to be called Christians and this church is virtually as old as the religion itself. You'll visit a handful of churches that date from various centuries before the afternoon is spent admiring what has been saved from relics and ruins. Vast mosaics fill rooms of opulence and old glory in the Mosaic Museum, Biblical scenes are elegantly carved in bronze, and you're able to piece together impressions of life during the early Christian era.

Enchanted footsteps knock along an original Roman causeway, heading alongside millennia-old stone walls that hide hamams and bath ruins. A mosque's minarets guide the journey into historic Tarsus, the resonant call to prayer lingering in the air before sailing across a maze of deteriorating stone houses. Tarsus was Apostle Paul's birthplace, a 4000 year old city in a fragmented state of preservation. Sometimes the Roman walls and houses are battered and decomposed, eerie reminders of their age and history. Yet other parts of Tarsus recreate the glory of the first century AD. A guide takes you through the narrow streets on foot, the path occasionally blocked by a wandering donkey as you tour the historic neighborhood. Stop and take a sip of water at St. Paul's Well, built upon the apostle's birthplace, and then take some quiet time at St. Paul's Church on its perch above the town. Tarsus is a day trip from your base in Antakya.

A direct flight skirts the coastline, sapphire waters beneath the wingtips as you touch down in Izmir for the next part of your journey. Over the next six days you recreate Paul's pilgrimages by visiting the sites of the Churches of Revelation, as well as old Roman cities where the Apostle preached the word of Jesus. After a short transfer from Izmir, moss covered stone reveals the Byzantine era of Sardis. Paul writes about the Sardis church in Revelations 3:1-6 and the church's foundations can be seen at the archaeological site. Nearby, vast columns shine and carved busts gaze from the Temple of Artemis, an evocative memoir to the city's history as Lydian capital.

Onwards to Hierapolis over a mile of streets roll through ruins leading to the huge Roman theater. Columns rise proud and tower over your journey, unmoved and unbowed since Paul visited on two of his pilgrimages. Two entrances lead to contrasting ruins. First the tomb of Apostle Philip, recently excavated and a blossoming pilgrimage spot. Then you will come to Plutonium, the gate to the underworld in this vast Roman city and World Heritage Site. In the late afternoon you drive to Pamukkale, glistening calcite terraces illuminating the hillside as you settle into a spa hotel and feel the warmth of the town's natural thermals.

A new morning and another original Church of Revelation; stone protrudes through valleys of dirt while church foundations are being slowly excavated from the soil. Recently discovered, the site of ancient Laodicea is gradually beginning to take shape again as archaeologists scrape away the mounds of soil. You continue to Aphrodisias, an ode to the Greek goddess of love and an essential stop on Paul's route through Asia Minor. Admire the Grand Theater with its steep steps and rumination of gladiators, walk between streets of marble and intrigue, then marvel at the reliefs and statues preserved in the museum. Visiting these two cities in one day allows for fascinating contrasts, one city slowly recreating a former glory and the other already showcasing the ancient pomp and razzmatazz. You continue to coastal Kusadasi where a waterfront hotel is your base for a soothing two nights.

Paul's journey went into the unknown, his path connecting large Roman cities where the people often resisted his presence. Circa 40AD, Ephesus was rivaled only by Rome and its importance is shown in numerous Bible passages. Marble streets are lined with the houses of luminaries, imposing pillars dominate the skyline, and the main causeway leads your feet towards the resplendent Celsus Library. It takes a few hours to fully tour the site, each corner bringing greater impressions of the city's size. Ephesus was perhaps Paul's greatest breakthrough in spreading Christianity; his three years here are remembered in the Book of Acts and letters to the church in the Book of Corinthians. The beautiful preserved ruins offer an aesthetic wonder while the sheer scale of Ephesus helps imbue the scale and success of the Apostle's work. This is also the site of another of the Churches of Revelation and the first to be mentioned in the Book of Revelations.

Early Christian memories continue in the afternoon. Walk to the Basilica of St. John, a marbled entrance guarding the tomb. From here Ephesus's cityscape is at its most majestic, pillars rising beneath a sky of Mediterranean blue. It's widely believed that a house nearby is also the resting place of the Virgin Mary, another poignant stop on today's journey of discovery. Return to Kusadasi and as charcoal barbecues send intoxicating smells across the hotel terrace.

The ruins of Priene are overgrown and rambling. Pieces of crackled stone rock beneath your feet as the weeds take hold in a once thriving city. Paul had great success in Priene and nearby Miletus, building substantial Christian communities around 50 AD. While the excavated remains don't have the grandeur of Ephesus, look closely and the impact of the Apostle is impossible to deny. Inscriptions in the Miletus Theater allude to the God-fearers, or Gentiles that fiercely followed Paul despite persecution. Throughout this tour you're accompanied by a specialist early-Christianity guide who narrates the stories behind the ruins. Today, you're also joined by a local archaeological expert who helps to piece together the history of these cities.

Pergamum's history cascades down the hillside, inscribed in the towering Greek columns and sculpted marble that glimmers in the morning light. For the Greeks, the city was an ode to Zeus but Paul was challenged here, and he sites Pergamum as the throne of the devil in the book of Revelation. Pick a path through scattered ruins as your guide recounts the Apostle's journey, then stand at the Acropolis and gaze down across former Asia Minor. Like each of the stops on this itinerary, your guide's detailed narratives help transform remains into real stories of the spread of Christianity. It's then up to you to decide on Paul's assertion that this was the seat of Satan. En route to Cannakkale you stop at Assos, another of Paul's stops on his third missionary journey, mentioned in the book of Revelation.

A wooden Trojan horse stares, a temple rises proud, and the city of Troy emerges effortlessly from the hillside. Immortalized in Homer's Illiad, and retaining an atmosphere of mystique, Troy provides a final look at the ingenuity of Greco Roman cities. Excavated streets beautifully meander through temples of sculptures, while pantheons of carving and busts stand cracked beside the courtyard. In the afternoon, continue your journey to Alexandra Troas, the most western stop as you follow the footsteps of Apostle Paul. Narratives of struggle accompany the excavated ruins before a ferry takes you across the Dardanelles Strait and you return to Istanbul by late afternoon. A farewell dinner is enjoyed with views onto the domes of the Hagia Sophia.

Istanbul's charms float across the hotel terrace as you enjoy a final breakfast in Asia Minor. Wave goodbye to Turkey as you're transferred to the airport for your international departure.

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